Medically reviewed by Abraham S. Bartell, MD, MBA

It is normal for children to feel worried, sad or upset sometimes. But when these feelings are strong, last for weeks or start to get in the way of daily life, including interfering with school or social life, they may be signs of anxiety or depression.

Mental health concerns are common in children and teens. Knowing the signs can help parents get support early, so children can feel better at home, in school and with friends.

What Anxiety and Depression Can Look Like in Children

Anxiety and depression are health conditions. They can affect how children feel, act, learn and get along with others. They are not signs of weakness, and they are not something a child can simply “snap out of.”

Children with anxiety may worry a lot or feel afraid often. Children with depression may feel sad for a long time or stop enjoying things they used to like. Some children have signs of both.

Signs of Anxiety in School-Age Kids

Anxiety can show up in a child’s body, mood or behavior. Signs may include:

• Worrying often about school, friends, family or everyday things
• Avoiding school, social events or activities they usually enjoy
• Having stomachaches or headaches with no clear medical reason
• Having trouble sleeping, nightmares or trouble paying attention
• Seeming restless, irritable or needing a lot of reassurance

Anxiety does not look the same for every child. Some children get very quiet. Others may seem more upset, emotional or easily frustrated.

Signs of Depression in School-Age Kids

Depression may look different in children than it does in adults and may vary based on developmental stage. Some children seem sad. Others may seem angry, cranky or withdrawn.

Signs of depression may include:

• Feeling sad, down or more irritable for many days
• Losing interest in hobbies, friends or family time
• Sleeping, eating or using energy in a different way than usual
• Having trouble focusing or a drop in schoolwork
• Saying they feel worthless, guilty or like they are a burden

Some children may not say they feel sad. Parents may notice that their child does not seem like themselves or has pulled away from people and activities they used to enjoy.

Talking to Your Child About Mental Health

Many children have a hard time talking about big feelings. A calm, supportive talk can help them feel safe.

Choose a calm, private time to talk. Listen without judging. Ask simple, open questions, such as, “What has been hard lately?” Try not to brush off your child’s feelings. Let them know it is okay to ask for help.

Some children talk more easily while walking, riding in the car or doing something together. The goal is to help your child feel heard, not pressured.

When Should Parents Be Concerned?

All children have bad days. But if changes in mood or behavior last more than two weeks, get in the way of school or friendships, or keep your child from everyday activities, it may be time to talk with a healthcare provider.

Care may include therapy, family support, help at school or, in some cases, medicine. The goal is to help children manage their feelings, build healthy coping skills and feel more confident.

Trust your instincts. Parents are often the first to notice when something is not right. Getting help early can make a big difference. You can start by speaking with your child’s pediatrician or a school counselor, who can help determine whether additional evaluation or treatment is needed.

A Note About Safety

If a child talks about wanting to hurt themselves, says they feel hopeless or shows signs of a mental health crisis, get help right away. These warning signs should always be taken seriously. Consider seeking immediate help by contacting  your child’s pediatrician, other emergency services, calling or texting 988, or going to the nearest emergency department.

Supporting Children’s Mental Health at WMCHealth

At WMCHealth, pediatric and behavioral health specialists work with children, teens and families to understand mental health concerns and create care plans that fit each child’s needs. Our teams provide compassionate, evidence-based care to help young people build skills and support.

If you are worried about anxiety or depression in your child, talk with a WMCHealth provider. They can help you learn about care options and support. Learn More