Medically reviewed by Gylynthia E. Trotman, MD, MPH

Many parents think a first visit to the gynecologist (GYN) can wait until their child is older. But doctors say it helps to start earlier. Seeing a provider during the teen years can support your child’s health, answer questions and build confidence.

Teens often have different health needs and questions than adults. An adolescent GYN is a doctor who cares for teens and young adults with reproductive and gynecologic health needs. These doctors understand the physical and emotional changes that happen during puberty and young adulthood. Adolescent GYNs work closely with teens and know how to communicate with them in ways that feel comfortable and respectful.

What Kind of Care Does an Adolescent GYN Provide?

An adolescent GYN can help with many reproductive health concerns.

Common areas of care include:

• Period problems. Irregular periods, heavy bleeding and strong cramps are common reasons teens see a gynecologist. Sometimes these symptoms can indicate larger health issues that require treatment.
• Puberty and hormone changes. You or your teen may have questions about body changes, breast development, or puberty, whether it starts early, later than expected or right on time. 
• Sexual health education. A provider can talk with teens about birth control, preventing sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and how to stay healthy and safe.
• Screenings and vaccines. These visits may include discussions about the HPV vaccine and other preventive health measures.
• Ongoing or more complex health issues. Some teens need specialized care for conditions such as bleeding disorders, thyroid disease, differences in reproductive development, chronic pelvic pain, vulvovaginal concerns or menstrual problems. Others may have medical conditions that affect their menstrual cycles or are affected by hormonal changes. Adolescent GYNs work closely with other specialists to coordinate care, improve symptoms, and help teens achieve the best possible quality of life.

When Should Your Child See an Adolescent GYN?

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends teens have their first GYN visit between ages 13 and 15, even if they do not have a health problem. Starting early gives teens a chance to ask questions before a concern comes up.

The first visit most often involves just a conversation. Your teen can meet the provider, ask questions and get comfortable. Most teens do not need a pelvic exam. When an exam is necessary, an adolescent GYN will explain the reason for the exam and ensure the teen feels comfortable throughout the visit. Pap tests, which screen for cervical cancer, most often start at age 21 and will only be considered earlier in rare cases where there is a specific concern.

You may want to make an appointment sooner if your child:

• Has periods that are very painful, very heavy or irregular
• Has not started their period by age 15
• Is experiencing signs of early puberty or significant hormonal changes
• Has questions about sexual health or contraception
• Has persistent pelvic pain, vaginal discharge or other symptoms that concern them

What to Look for in an Adolescent GYN

The right provider can help your teen feel safe and comfortable. Here are a few things to look for:

• Experience with teens. Look for a provider who often works with teens and young adults.
• A caring communication style. A good provider explains things clearly, listens and makes your teen feel heard.
• Clear rules about privacy. Teens are often more honest when they understand what stays private and what does not.
• Help from other specialists when needed. Some teens may need care from more than one doctor. A strong provider can help connect them to the right team.

Starting the Conversation

If you are not sure where to begin, talk with your child’s pediatrician. They can tell you if your teen should see a gynecologist and may be able to suggest a provider who works with teens.

At WMCHealth, our OB/GYN team cares for patients at every stage of life, including teens. We help young patients feel comfortable, heard and supported as they learn to manage their health. To learn more or schedule an appointment, visit our website to manage their health. To learn more or schedule an appointment, visit our website.